The Pareto Potential of Fully Pluripotent Stem Cells

Grow one, grow a pair.  All stem cells are not the same.  Pluripotency is a continuum that is lost over development in the same way that reproduction potential declines with aging.  This exciting new discovery may pave the way for brain, lung, renal, liver, pancreas "seeding"with pluripotent stem cells to remodel and regenerate damaged organs.  We do this poorly with  stem cell injections in heart failure and lung failure already with positive but minimal results. Because they are relatively incompetent for the requested outcome.

When performed with autologous completely pluripotent stem cells, organ regeneration will definitely be possible even before limb regeneration..

Create in me a new heart, O Lord?

This also comforms with the pareto principle that the square root of a population are responsible for 50% of productivity.  These cells are "pareto" special because of their potential for pluripotent productivity.

Loss of stem cell capability and function, stem cell exhaustion, is the ultimate cause of disease, disability and nontraumatic deaths.  Multicellular biology may make medicine more like farming, creating an environment that favors exponential yields from "seeds and seedlings.". This gives a new meaning for GMO.

http://www.kurzweilai.net/research-suggests-that-humans-could-one-day-regrow-limbs

Research suggests that humans could one day regrow limbs

Scientists have identified the specific type of planaria flatworm pluripotent stem cell that is capable of regenerating an entire organism

Melatonin Sirt-1 for longevity and normal endothelial function

Melatonin is  an exercise mimetic.

Melatonin increases insulin sensitivity.

Melatonin increases Sirt1.

Sirt1 is a nutrient sensor BUT it  also rises with melatonin.

Melatonin increases mitochondrial biogenesis, the volume of cellular mitochondria.

Nutrient sensing must signal relative to mitochondria volume.

Melatonin effects on metabolic signaling may be relative to mitochondrial volume.

Age and disease decrease melatonin.

The sickest persons due to metabolic syndrome, aka endothelial dysfunction, improve the most with calorie restriction indicating that "relative" melatonin, relative Sirt1 to mitochondrial volume improves flow mediated dilation or endothelial function.

Melatonin declines with aging.

Melatonin is high in nuts and olives oil.

Meat rich diet plus one oz of nuts reduce CAD coronary artery disease odds ratio from 1.6 to O.6.

Melatonin concentrates in mitochondria.

The DASH and Mediterranean diet lower blood pressure 10-14 points.

Is this due to melatonin, Sirt1 or Nrf2 activation which follows either melatonin or Sirt1 increases.

Increasing relative melatonin/sirt-1/mitochondrial volume improves health and longevity.

Persons with high levels of Sirt1 have proved increased longevity.

Higher Sirt1 due to gene polymorphism AND/OR calorie restriction, exercise and exercise mimetics.

Heat is an exercise mimetic, sauna, steam or immersion.

http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/3/751

Caloric Restriction and Its Effect on Blood Pressure, Heart Rate Variability and Arterial Stiffness and Dilatation: A Review of the Evidence

Rachel Nicoll

Abstract 

Essential hypertension, fast heart rate, low heart rate variability, sympathetic nervous system dominance over parasympathetic, arterial stiffness, endothelial dysfunction and poor flow-mediated arterial dilatation are all associated with cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. This review of randomised controlled trials and other studies demonstrates that caloric restriction (CR) is capable of significantly improving all these parameters, normalising blood pressure (BP) and allowing patients to discontinue antihypertensive medication, while never becoming hypotensive. CR appears to be effective regardless of age, gender, ethnicity, weight, body mass index (BMI) or a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes, but the greatest benefit is usually observed in the sickest subjects and BP may continue to improve during the refeeding period. Exercise enhances the effects of CR only in hypertensive subjects. There is as yet no consensus on the mechanism of effect of CR and it may be multifactorial. Several studies have suggested that improvement in BP is related to improvement in insulin sensitivity, as well as increased nitric oxide production through improved endothelial function. In addition, CR is known to induce SIRT1, a nutrient sensor, which is linked to a number of beneficial effects in the body. View Full-Text

Keywords: blood pressure;  heart rate variability;  arterial stiffness;  flow-mediated dilatation;  caloric restriction fasting

Joseph Thomas (Tony) Liverman, Jr.