Time Restricted Feeding née Intermittent Fasting Increases Fat Metabolism, Prevents Obesity and Reduces Inflammatory Cytokines

Time restricted feeding of calories for 8 or 12 hours of a high fat diet resulted in lower obesity rates in mice.

Insulin levels were reduced (and therefore less needed) by time restricted feedings.  The respiratory exchange ratio of the time restricted feeding high fat diet group was lower than the normal diet group meaning greater fat metabolism despite less energy expenditure.  They burned more fat and more calories with less exercise and less fat gain.  (Lower insulin increased fat burning and metabolic rate independent of exercise.)

Diabetic humans who fast 12 or more hours daily despite a crappy diet and no exercise should have better A1c, less obesity and less inflammatory cytokines.

Circadian metabolic clock genes cycle from the first bite of food for approximately one half of the circadian light dark cycle.

Conjecture:  time restricted feeding is 80% of obesity prevention, 10% calorie restriction and 10% exercise.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0271531716000464

Time-restricted feeding reduces adiposity in mice fed a high-fat diet

Disruption of the circadian rhythm contributes to obesity. This study tested the hypothesis that time-restricted feeding (TRF) reduces high-fat diet–induced increase in adiposity. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed the AIN93G or the high-fat diet ad libitum (ad lib); TRF of the high-fat diet for 12 or 8 hours during the dark cycle was initiated when high-fat diet–fed mice exhibited significant increases in body weight. Energy intake of the TRF 12-hour group was not different from that of the high-fat ad lib group, although that of the TRF 8-hour group was slightly but significantly lower. Restricted feeding of the high-fat diet reduced body fat mass and body weight compared with mice fed the high-fat diet ad lib. There were no differences in respiratory exchange ratio (RER) among TRF and high-fat ad lib groups, but the RER of these groups was lower than that of the AIN93G group. Energy expenditure of the TRF groups was slightly but significantly lower than that of the high-fat ad lib group. Plasma concentrations of ghrelin were increased in TRF groups compared with both AIN93G and high-fat ad lib groups. Elevations of plasma concentrations of insulin, leptin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase-1 by high-fat ad lib feeding were reduced by TRF to the levels of mice fed the AIN93G diet. In conclusion, TRF during the dark cycle reduces high-fat diet–induced increases in adiposity and proinflammatory cytokines. These results indicate that circadian timing of food intake may prevent obesity and abate obesity-related metabolic disturbance.