How does Vitamin K2 improve cartilage, bone and reduce fractures?
Conjecture: Vitamin K2 and Vitamin D synergy reduces Collagen Cross-Links through 2 mechanisms;
1. increased energy production during connective tissue use, and
2. improved structure, architecture and calcification during bone formation.
Vitamin K2 can substitute for coenzyme Q10 in the electron transport system in mitochondrial energy production. Vitamin K2 is also the essential cofactor for matrix gla protein which removes calcium deposits from soft tissue to sequester calcium in bone and other vitamin k dependent proteins that produce healthy cartilage and well formed matrix for bone trabecular formation.
In this article below, age related collagen cross linkages affect bone quality independent of bone density.
Vitamin K2 potentially reduces collagen cross linkages by providing more ATP energy, more antioxidant activity during the bone formation interval AND also makes well formed bone forming matrix and delays calcification until well formed even in the presence of hypomagnesemia which is notorious for premature calcification and poor quality bone. One may remember that magnesium is required for each Mg-ATP energy molecule. Without energy from Mg-ATP to ACTIVELY form bone INACTIVE calcification occurs even of soft tissue or poorly formed bone matrix.
The Bone constantly remodels and is effectively replaced every 7 years.
If during this seven year cycle of bone turn over and replacement vitamin k2 and vitamin D3 levels (which promotes vitamin k2 dependent proteins production) are normal or sufficient, one could form better quality bone and higher bone density thereby reducing fragility and fracture risk.
It might also allow regeneration of better quality bone cartilage interface and better cartilage during that interval.
How does these functions of K2 relate to my DrLiverman.blogspot.com about BDNF increasing improving metabolic health of body brain function reciprocity? In case I lost you, performing body and brain functions at their limits of low energy supply or high energy demand is the stimulus to increase BDNF (brain derived neurotrophic factor) allowing the individual to optimum energy production via somatic fat burning and cerebral glucose and beta hydroxybutyrate burning.
Energy can be further amplified in every cell and all cells by higher BDNF levels from a metabolic healthy lifestyle of intermittent fasting, slow paced breathing, lactate producing high intensity interval exercise, resistance training or Prolonged steady state endurance exercise, BrainHQ sub cortical brain speed training that increases BDNF, increases synapticity or nerve connections allowing sensory imputs to parallel process and perceive and encode faster into the CPU or hippocampus while simultaneously increasing synapticity or nerve network capacity and storage down from the cortex processing neurons focused by attentional states.
A maintained faster brain body is the end result of metabolic Heath. In effect metabolic health speeds up the network of sensory imputs to the CPU of the brain and memory and meaning storage imputs gated by ATTENTION from the CPU. Attentional states are convergent or divergent or some combination of both at all times. Highly educated brain networks appear, to me, to expand convergent networks into more divergent metaphorical, virtual and multiple meanings for each convergent symbol. E.g. In the hippocampal processing interval that the slow learner processes three real symbols, ball flag and tree, the medium fast learner can also process a golf ball on a green with a flag in the hole and a green side tree, and the fast learner can also process a virtual tree with flags replacing leaves and balls replacing seeds falling from the tree! For expansion on this discussion of the brain as an organ for improvement and the model of top down bottom up see my Livermanlearnngtolearn.blogspot.com and start at the beginning with increasing bandwidth.
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