Developing children have basal nerve stem cell formation and therefore basal neurogenesis and repair. In short, basal cortical plasticity.
Not so the mature adult. Once the brain is well formed or built, neurogenesis becomes a function of autophagy and stemness maintenance.
Daily twelve hour or more fasting promotes autophagy and stemness.
Other stemness maintenance agents are spermidine for proteostasis and autophagy, melatonin, hydrogen rich water and Nrf2 activators such as sulforaphane which also increases autophagy.
Separately, both spermidine (wheat germ) and Sulforaphane (broccoli sprout extract) have increased healthspan and lifespan 30% in yeast, c. Elegans worms, fruit flies, mice and human cell cultures.
Except from: On the Role of Basal Autophagy in Adult Neural Stem Cells and Neurogenesis
Adult neurogenesis persists in the adult mammalian brain due to the existence of neural stem cell (NSC) reservoirs in defined niches, where they give rise to new neurons throughout life. Recent research has begun to address the implication of constitutive (basal) autophagy in the regulation of neurogenesis in the mature brain. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the role of autophagy-related genes in modulating adult NSCs, progenitor cells and their differentiation into neurons. The general function of autophagy in neurogenesis in several areas of the embryonic forebrain is also revisited. During development, basal autophagy regulates Wnt and Notch signaling and is mainly required for adequate neuronal differentiation.
The available data in the adult indicate that the autophagy-lysosomal pathway regulates adult NSC maintenance, the activation of quiescent NSCs, the survival of the newly born neurons and the timing of their maturation.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6187079/
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